Adhesive Capsulitis (Capsulitis Frozen Shoulder)

Overview

Capsulitis also known as Frozen Shoulder is a painful inflammation of the shoulder joint that can severely restrict movement.

Symptoms

  • Early Stages:

    • shoulder aching and burning that worsens with shoulder movement
    • pain may be initially slight and then progress enough to interfere with sleep and daily activities
    • increased pain at night
  • Later Stages:

    • inability to move the shoulder
    • intolerable shoulder pain.
    • neck and arm pain

Cause

The exact cause of capsulitis is unknown. However the following may contribute to the condition:

  • bursitis
  • diabetes
  • hyperthyroidism (over active thyroid gland)
  • limited exercise
  • neglected minor injuries
  • osteoarthritis
  • surgery or other trauma
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • tendonitis

Treatment

Capsulitis will usually resolve itself after 2 or 3 years. However the following treatments could help relieve the pain and increase range of motion much sooner:

  • Physical therapy: Capsulitis can take a year or two to resolve. It is important to remain active with the right daily exercises to prevent freezing of the joint. Your doctor will refer you to a physiotherapist who can help you.

  • Physical manipulation of the shoulder under a general anesthetic to break up scar tissue. This is generally used only when other options fail to resolve the problem.

  • Medications: Acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen are recommended. If pain persists then your doctor may inject a corticosteroid into the joint.

  • Surgery: A surgeon can remove scar tissue from the shoulder by cutting through the tightened ligaments.

Prevention

If you develop shoulder pain that limits your range of motion for an extended period of time you should tell your doctor. Early treatment will help you to keep the shoulder joint from stiffening. People with diabetes can significantly reduce their risk of stiffness by keeping their blood glucose levels under good control.